Stethoscope
'Velcro' like crackles are heard when listening to the lungs with a stethoscope
Blood test
Blood from the vein is drawn to identify antibodies
Lung function tests
Determine how well lungs function by measuring lung size and airflow in and out of the lungs
High resolution computed tomography (HRCT)
Creates detailed images of the inside of the chest and the characteristic PF pattern is shown as honeycombing
Bronchovascular lavage
A small flexible tube (bronchoscope) is used to sample cells from the lower part of the lungs (alveoli) for examination by a pathologist
Thoracoscopic lung biopsy
A thin tube is placed to extract small samples of the lung from multiple lobes for testing in a laboratory
Content acknowledgements: © 2022 by the University of Hull and Authors. A Patient's Guide to Pulmonary Fibrosis Second Edition